---
title: "EUDR - Deforestation Regulation"
description: "GS1-native implementation of EU Deforestation Regulation 2023/1115 compliance using EPCIS 2.0"
canonical_url: "https://openepcis.io/docs/digital-product-passport/eudr"
last_updated: "2026-07-02T20:31:55.306Z"
---

## Overview

The OpenEPCIS EUDR module provides a **GS1-native implementation** for EU Deforestation Regulation 2023/1115 compliance. This implementation aligns with the official [GS1 EUDR Standard](https://ref.gs1.org/standards/eudr/) and the [GS1 Germany EUDR Implementation Guideline V1.11](https://www.gs1-germany.de/branchen-themen/nachhaltigkeit/eu-deforestation-regulation-eudr/).

<alert type="info">

**Disclaimer**: This is **not official GS1 guidance**, but it is built entirely on official GS1 standards and follows GS1 best practices:

**Standards Used:**

- [GS1 EUDR Standard p.0.0](https://ref.gs1.org/standards/eudr/) — `gs1:RegulatoryNotification` for B2B messaging
- [GS1 Germany EUDR Guideline V1.11](https://www.gs1-germany.de/branchen-themen/nachhaltigkeit/eu-deforestation-regulation-eudr/) — EPCIS event patterns
- [GS1 Digital Link](https://www.gs1.org/standards/gs1-digital-link) — Resolvable URIs as product identifiers
- [EPCIS 2.0](https://ref.gs1.org/standards/epcis/) — Event-based traceability with JSON-LD
- [GS1 Web Vocabulary](https://www.gs1.org/voc/) — Linked data vocabulary

**GS1 Best Practices We Follow:**

- `bizStep: "notifying"` and `persistentDisposition: "subject_to_regulation"` for EUDR events
- `gs1:RegulatoryNotification` for B2B Due Diligence Statement sharing
- `regulatoryInformation` with `gs1:RegulatoryIdentifier` pattern
- Standard `gs1:Place` with `gs1:GeoShape`/`gs1:GeoCoordinates` for locations
- GS1 demo prefix 952 for all examples (7-digit GCP: 9521234)

We invite everyone to use these templates — [feedback welcome](https://github.com/openepcis/openepcis-dpp-ready/issues)!

</alert>

**Key Features:**

- **Geolocation Support**: Plot of land coordinates using `gs1:GeoShape` (polygon) or `gs1:GeoCoordinates` (point)
- **Full Traceability**: Track commodities back to production plot
- **Standard Compliance**: Uses `gs1:RegulationTypeCode-DEFORESTATION_REGULATION`
- **B2B Messaging**: `gs1:RegulatoryNotification` for sharing DDS reference numbers
- **Active Regulation**: EUDR is already in force (Dec 2024/June 2025)

## Quick Links

- [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/openepcis/openepcis-dpp-ready/tree/main/extensions/eu/eudr)
- [GS1 EUDR Standard](https://ref.gs1.org/standards/eudr/)
- [GS1 Germany EUDR Guideline](https://www.gs1-germany.de/branchen-themen/nachhaltigkeit/eu-deforestation-regulation-eudr/)
- [EU Deforestation Regulation](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1115)

## Regulated Commodities

EUDR covers seven commodities and their derived products:

<table>
<thead>
  <tr>
    <th>
      Commodity
    </th>
    
    <th>
      HS Code Range
    </th>
    
    <th>
      Examples
    </th>
  </tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
  <tr>
    <td>
      <strong>
        Cattle
      </strong>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      01, 02, 41, 43
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Live cattle, beef, leather
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <strong>
        Cocoa
      </strong>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      18
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Cocoa beans, chocolate
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <strong>
        Coffee
      </strong>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      09
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Coffee beans, roasted coffee
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <strong>
        Oil Palm
      </strong>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      15
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Palm oil, derivatives
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <strong>
        Rubber
      </strong>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      40
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Natural rubber, products
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <strong>
        Soya
      </strong>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      12, 15, 23
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Soybeans, soy oil, meal
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <strong>
        Wood
      </strong>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      44, 47, 48, 94
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Timber, pulp, paper, furniture
    </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

The initial release focuses on **wood/timber** products.

## Key Requirements

### Cutoff Date

**31 December 2020** - Products must come from land that was not deforested after this date.

### Geolocation Requirements

<table>
<thead>
  <tr>
    <th>
      Plot Size
    </th>
    
    <th>
      Requirement
    </th>
    
    <th>
      GS1 Pattern
    </th>
  </tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
  <tr>
    <td>
      > 4 hectares
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Full polygon coordinates
    </td>
    
    <td>
      <code>
        gs1:GeoShape
      </code>
      
       with <code>
        gs1:polygon
      </code>
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      ≤ 4 hectares
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Center point sufficient
    </td>
    
    <td>
      <code>
        gs1:GeoCoordinates
      </code>
      
       with lat/lon
    </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

### Due Diligence Steps

1. **Information gathering** - Collect product, supplier, geolocation data
2. **Risk assessment** - Evaluate deforestation and legality risks
3. **Risk mitigation** - Take measures for non-negligible risks
4. **Submit to EUIS** - File due diligence statement to EU Information System

## Data Exchange Patterns

GS1 provides two complementary patterns for EUDR compliance:

### 1. gs1:RegulatoryNotification (B2B Messaging)

Simple message format for sharing Due Diligence Statement reference numbers between supply chain partners:

```json [RegulatoryNotification]
{
  "@context": "https://ref.gs1.org/standards/eudr/p.0.0/context.jsonld",
  "type": "RegulatoryNotification",
  "messageSender": { "partyGLN": "9521234000006" },
  "messageRecipient": { "partyGLN": "9521234000105" },
  "regulatoryInformation": {
    "regulatoryAct": "EU 2023/1115",
    "regulationType": "DEFORESTATION_REGULATION",
    "regulatoryIdentifier": {
      "regulatoryIdentifierType": "DUE_DILIGENCE_STATEMENT",
      "regulatoryReferenceNumber": "EUIS-2025-DE-00012345",
      "applicableProducts": [{ "gtin": "09521234000020" }]
    }
  }
}
```

### 2. EPCIS Events (Supply Chain Visibility)

For full traceability, use EPCIS events per GS1 Germany Guideline V1.11:

```json [EPCIS Origin Declaration Event]
{
  "@context": "https://ref.gs1.org/standards/epcis/epcis-context.jsonld",
  "type": "ObjectEvent",
  "action": "OBSERVE",
  "bizStep": "notifying",
  "persistentDisposition": {
    "set": [
      "subject_to_regulation"
    ]
  },
  "quantityList": [
    {
      "epcClass": "https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000020/10/BATCH-2025-01",
      "quantity": 850,
      "uom": "KGM"
    }
  ],
  "regulatoryInformation": [
    {
      "regulationType": {
        "@id": "gs1:RegulationTypeCode-DEFORESTATION_REGULATION"
      },
      "regulatoryAct": "EU 2023/1115",
      "regulatoryIdentifier": {
        "regulatoryIdentifierType": {
          "@id": "gs1:RegulatoryIdentifierType-DUE_DILIGENCE_STATEMENT"
        },
        "regulatoryReferenceNumber": "EUIS-2025-DE-00012345"
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

## Example: Plot of Land

Using standard `gs1:Place` with `gs1:GeoShape` for polygon:

```json [Plot of Land Master Data]
{
  "@context": { "gs1": "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/", "@vocab": "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/" },
  "@type": "gs1:Place",
  "@id": "https://id.gs1.org/414/9521234000099",
  "physicalLocationName": [{ "@value": "Sustainable Oak Forest - Plot 47", "@language": "en" }],
  "locationGLN": "9521234000099",
  "geo": {
    "@type": "gs1:GeoShape",
    "polygon": "[[13.40, 52.51], [13.41, 52.51], [13.41, 52.52], [13.40, 52.52], [13.40, 52.51]]"
  }
}
```

## Example: Product Master Data

Using standard `gs1:Product` with EUDR extensions:

```json [Timber Product Master Data]
{
  "@type": "gs1:Product",
  "@id": "https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000020/21/LOG-2025-001",
  "productName": [{ "@value": "European Oak Round Wood - Grade A", "@language": "en" }],
  "gtin": "09521234000020",
  "countryOfOrigin": [{ "@type": "gs1:Country", "countryCode": "DE" }],
  "eudr:speciesScientificName": "Quercus robur",
  "eudr:commodityType": { "@id": "eudr:Wood" },
  "eudr:timberProductType": { "@id": "eudr:RoundWood" }
}
```

## Vocabulary Namespaces

<table>
<thead>
  <tr>
    <th>
      Prefix
    </th>
    
    <th>
      Namespace
    </th>
    
    <th>
      Purpose
    </th>
  </tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
  <tr>
    <td>
      <code>
        gs1:
      </code>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      <code>
        https://ref.gs1.org/voc/
      </code>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Core GS1 vocabulary (use for master data)
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <code>
        eudr:
      </code>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      <code>
        https://ref.openepcis.io/extensions/eu/eudr/
      </code>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      EUDR extension properties (not yet standardised)
    </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

**Note**: The `eudr:` namespace documents extension properties aligned with GS1 Germany's approach. For master data, always prefer standard `gs1:` vocabulary (`gs1:Place`, `gs1:Product`, `gs1:Organization`).

## Risk Levels

EUDR defines risk categories based on country benchmarking:

<table>
<thead>
  <tr>
    <th>
      Risk Level
    </th>
    
    <th>
      Description
    </th>
  </tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
  <tr>
    <td>
      <code>
        eudr:Negligible
      </code>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Derived from already-verified low-risk sources
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <code>
        eudr:Low
      </code>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Low-risk country, verified supply chain
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <code>
        eudr:Standard
      </code>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Standard due diligence required
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <code>
        eudr:High
      </code>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Enhanced due diligence and monitoring required
    </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

## Timeline

- **December 2024**: Regulation active for large operators
- **June 2025**: Regulation active for SMEs
- **Ongoing**: EU Commission publishes country risk benchmarking

## Getting Started

1. **Clone the repository**```bash
git clone https://github.com/openepcis/openepcis-dpp-ready
cd openepcis-dpp-ready/extensions/eu/eudr
```
2. **Review example files**
  - `examples/regulatory-notification.jsonld` - B2B DDS sharing
  - `examples/timber-product.jsonld` - Product master data
  - `examples/plot-of-land.jsonld` - Location with geolocation
  - `epcis/origin-declaration.jsonld` - EPCIS event example
3. **Configure your GS1 Digital Link resolver**
  - Set up content negotiation
  - Link to your EPCIS repository

## Resources

- [Implementation Guide](/docs/digital-product-passport/eudr/implementation-guide)
- [Event Types](/docs/digital-product-passport/eudr/event-types)
- [URL Patterns](/docs/digital-product-passport/eudr/url-patterns)

## GS1 Standards Used

<table>
<thead>
  <tr>
    <th>
      Standard
    </th>
    
    <th>
      How We Use It
    </th>
  </tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
  <tr>
    <td>
      <a href="https://ref.gs1.org/standards/eudr/" rel="nofollow">
        GS1 EUDR Standard p.0.0
      </a>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      <code>
        gs1:RegulatoryNotification
      </code>
      
      , JSON-LD context
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <a href="https://www.gs1-germany.de/branchen-themen/nachhaltigkeit/eu-deforestation-regulation-eudr/" rel="nofollow">
        GS1 Germany Guideline V1.11
      </a>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      EPCIS event patterns, bizStep values
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <a href="https://www.gs1.org/standards/gs1-digital-link" rel="nofollow">
        GS1 Digital Link
      </a>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      URI structure for <code>
        @id
      </code>
      
      , QR code encoding
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <a href="https://ref.gs1.org/standards/epcis/" rel="nofollow">
        EPCIS 2.0
      </a>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Event capture, JSON-LD serialization
    </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
    <td>
      <a href="https://www.gs1.org/voc/" rel="nofollow">
        GS1 Web Vocabulary
      </a>
    </td>
    
    <td>
      Master data attributes
    </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

## Contact

For questions about the EUDR implementation, please contact us at [info@openepcis.io](mailto:info@openepcis.io).