--- title: "Implementation Guide | OpenEPCIS Docs | OpenEPCIS - an open-core, GS1-compliant EPCIS implementation." canonical_url: "https://openepcis.io/de/docs/digital-product-passport/battery-dpp/implementation-guide" last_updated: "2026-06-28T23:26:03.738Z" meta: author: "benelog GmbH & Co. KG" description: "Step-by-step guide for implementing a GS1-native Battery Digital Product Passport with OpenEPCIS extensions" keywords: "Battery DPP implementation, EPCIS integration, GS1 Digital Link setup" "og:description": "Step-by-step guide for implementing a GS1-native Battery Digital Product Passport with OpenEPCIS extensions" "og:title": "Implementation Guide" "twitter:description": "Step-by-step guide for implementing a GS1-native Battery Digital Product Passport with OpenEPCIS extensions" "twitter:title": "Implementation Guide" --- Home `` # **Implementation Guide** Step-by-step guide for implementing a GS1-native Battery Digital Product Passport with OpenEPCIS extensions5 min read**Masterdata and events** — `**masterDataAvailableFor**` is GS1 Web Vocabulary (no `**gs1:**` prefix needed). It is used to carry **lot- or serial-level masterdata** alongside an event: production batch, declaration references, incident records, regulatory citations. It must **not** carry **GTIN-level masterdata** (product name, generic specifications) — those live on the resolver, POSTed once via `**POST /products/{gtin}**`. Extension vocabularies (`**battery:**`, `**eudr:**`, `**textile:**`, `**electronics:**`) keep their prefix; they are declared in the document's `**@context**`.**Disclaimer**: This is **not official GS1 guidance**, but it follows official GS1 standards and best practices: - [GS1 Digital Link](https://www.gs1.org/standards/gs1-digital-link) — Resolvable URIs as identifiers - [EPCIS 2.0](https://ref.gs1.org/standards/epcis/) — Event-based traceability - [GS1 Web Vocabulary](https://www.gs1.org/voc/) — Linked data terms - [CBV 2.0](https://ref.gs1.org/standards/cbv/) — bizStep, disposition values We use GLN for parties/locations, GTIN+serial for products, and the `**regulatoryInformation**` pattern from GS1 EUDR. [Feedback welcome](https://github.com/openepcis/openepcis-dpp-ready/issues)! ## Prerequisites Before implementing the Battery DPP, ensure you have: - GS1 Company Prefix (for GTIN assignment) - GLN for your organization and facilities - EPCIS 2.0 capable repository - GS1 Digital Link resolver (or access to GS1 Verified by GS1) ## Step 1: Assign GS1 Identifiers ### Product Identification 1. **Assign GTIN** to your battery product type: ``` GTIN: 09521234000013 ``` 2. **Assign Serial Numbers** to individual units: ``` Serial: BAT2024-001 Full Digital Link: https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000013/21/BAT2024-001 ``` ### Organization Identification 1. **GLN for manufacturer**: ``` Manufacturer GLN: 9521234000006 URI: https://id.gs1.org/417/9521234000006 ``` 2. **GLN for production facility**: ``` Facility GLN: 9521234000013 URI: https://id.gs1.org/414/9521234000013 ``` ### Device Identification 1. **GIAI for measurement devices** (BMS, test equipment): ``` BMS GIAI: 9521987BMS-001 URI: https://id.gs1.org/8004/9521987BMS-001 ``` ## Step 2: Create Product Master Data Create a JSON-LD file containing static battery information:battery-product.jsonld``` { "@context": [ { "gs1": "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/" }, { "battery": "https://ref.openepcis.io/extensions/eu/battery/" } ], "@id": "https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000013/21/BAT2024-001", "@type": ["gs1:Product"], "gtin": "09521234000013", "serialNumber": "BAT2024-001", "manufacturer": { "@id": "https://id.gs1.org/417/9521234000006", "@type": "gs1:Organization", "organizationName": "Your Company Name", "gln": "9521234000006" }, "batteryCategory": { "@id": "battery:IndustrialBattery" }, "battery:technicalSpecifications": { "@type": "battery:TechnicalSpecification", "battery:ratedCapacity": { "@type": "gs1:QuantitativeValue", "value": "280", "unitCode": "AH" }, "battery:ratedEnergy": { "@type": "gs1:QuantitativeValue", "value": "14.3", "unitCode": "KWH" } } } ```### Required Fields per EU Battery Regulation | **Field** | **Property** | **Required** | | --- | --- | --- | | Unique Identifier | `**@id**` | Yes | | Manufacturer | `**gs1:manufacturer**` | Yes | | Production Date | `**gs1:productionDate**` | Yes | | Production Place | `**gs1:placeOfProductProvenance**` | Yes | | Battery Category | `**batteryCategory**` | Yes | | Battery Weight | `**gs1:netWeight**` | Yes | | Rated Capacity | `**battery:ratedCapacity**` | Yes | | Rated Energy | `**battery:ratedEnergy**` | Yes | | Material Composition | `**battery:materialComposition**` | Yes | | Hazardous Substances | `**battery:hazardousSubstances**` | Yes | | Recycled Content | `**battery:recycledContent**` | Yes | ## Step 3: Publish the battery linkset The battery passport is exposed as an IETF `**application/linkset+json**` document (RFC 9264). One object per `**anchor**` identifier, GS1 link relations as full-IRI keys, link descriptors as values. For a serialised battery you typically want at least the consumer Product Information Page, the EPCIS event history, the compliance certificates and the EU Battery Regulation conformity declaration:``` { "linkset": [ { "anchor": "https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000013/21/BAT2024-001", "itemDescription": "EcoCell IM-500 industrial battery module", "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/defaultLink": [ { "href": "https://dpp.example.com/battery/09521234000013/BAT2024-001", "title": "Battery passport" } ], "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/pip": [ { "href": "https://dpp.example.com/battery/09521234000013/BAT2024-001", "title": "Battery passport (consumer view)", "type": "text/html", "context": ["ALL"], "public": true } ], "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/epcis": [ { "href": "https://api.example.com/events?MATCH_anyEPC=https%3A%2F%2Fid.gs1.org%2F01%2F09521234000013%2F21%2FBAT2024-001", "title": "EPCIS event history (SoH, shipping, recycling)", "type": "application/ld+json", "context": ["ALL"], "public": true } ], "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/certificationInfo": [ { "href": "https://dpp.example.com/certs/09521234000013/BAT2024-001", "title": "EU Battery Regulation conformity & test reports", "type": "application/ld+json", "context": ["business", "authority"] } ], "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/productSustainabilityInfo": [ { "href": "https://dpp.example.com/sustainability/09521234000013/BAT2024-001", "title": "Carbon footprint and recycled-content declaration", "type": "application/ld+json", "context": ["ALL"], "public": true } ] } ] } ``` The `**?linkType=**` query parameter on the resolver URL takes the bare relation name (`**pip**`, `**epcis**`, `**certificationInfo**`, `**productSustainabilityInfo**`). See [Resolver Setup](https://openepcis.io/docs/digital-product-passport/resolver-setup) for hosting options. ## Step 4: Integrate EPCIS Event Capture ### Commissioning Event Record when a battery is created. Per GS1 Germany EUDR Guideline V1.11, use `**masterDataAvailableFor**` for product master data (not ILMD):``` { "@context": [ "https://ref.gs1.org/standards/epcis/epcis-context.jsonld", { "battery": "https://ref.openepcis.io/extensions/eu/battery/", "gs1": "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/" } ], "type": "EPCISDocument", "schemaVersion": "2.0", "epcisBody": { "eventList": [{ "type": "ObjectEvent", "eventID": "urn:uuid:YOUR-UUID-HERE", "eventTime": "2024-03-15T14:30:00.000Z", "eventTimeZoneOffset": "+01:00", "epcList": ["https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000013/21/BAT2024-001"], "action": "ADD", "bizStep": "commissioning", "disposition": "active", "readPoint": { "id": "https://id.gs1.org/414/9521234000013" }, "sensorElementList": [{ "sensorMetadata": { "deviceID": "https://id.gs1.org/8004/9521234EOL-TEST-001" }, "sensorReport": [ { "type": "battery:stateOfHealth", "value": 100, "uom": "P1" }, { "type": "battery:stateOfCharge", "value": 50, "uom": "P1" }, { "type": "battery:cycleCount", "value": 0 } ] }], "masterDataAvailableFor": [{ "id": "https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000013/21/BAT2024-001", "battery:initialCapacity": { "value": "280", "unitCode": "AH" }, "lotNumber": "BATCH-2024-03-A" }] }] } } ```### Integration with BMS Configure your Battery Management System to emit EPCIS events:``` // Example: BMS to EPCIS event conversion function createSoHEvent(battery, bmsData) { return { "@type": "ObjectEvent", "@id": \`urn:uuid:${generateUUID()}\`, "eventTime": new Date().toISOString(), "epcList": [{ "@id": battery.digitalLinkUri, "masterDataAvailableFor": { "@id": battery.digitalLinkUri } }], "action": "OBSERVE", "bizStep": "inspecting", "sensorElementList": [{ "sensorMetadata": { "deviceID": battery.bmsUri, "time": new Date().toISOString() }, "sensorReport": [ { "type": "battery:stateOfHealth", "value": bmsData.soh, "uom": "P1" }, { "type": "battery:stateOfCharge", "value": bmsData.soc, "uom": "P1" }, { "type": "battery:cycleCount", "value": bmsData.cycles }, { "type": "battery:internalResistance", "value": bmsData.resistance, "uom": "OHM" } ] }] }; } ```## Step 5: Handle Ownership Transfers When battery ownership changes:``` { "@context": "https://ref.gs1.org/standards/epcis/epcis-context.jsonld", "@type": "ObjectEvent", "action": "OBSERVE", "bizStep": "accepting", "disposition": "in_transit", "sourceList": [ { "@type": "source", "type": "owning_party", "source": "https://id.gs1.org/417/9521234000006" } ], "destinationList": [ { "@type": "destination", "type": "owning_party", "destination": "https://id.gs1.org/417/9521987000001" } ], "bizTransactionList": [ { "@type": "bizTransaction", "type": "po", "bizTransaction": "https://buyer.example.com/orders/PO-2024-0089" } ] } ```## Step 6: Record Negative Events Capture accidents, damage, or safety incidents. Use `**masterDataAvailableFor**` for incident data:``` { "@context": [ "https://ref.openepcis.io/extensions/eu/battery/battery-context.jsonld", "https://ref.gs1.org/standards/epcis/epcis-context.jsonld" ], "type": "ObjectEvent", "action": "OBSERVE", "bizStep": "inspecting", "disposition": "damaged", "epcList": [ "https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000013/21/BAT2024-001" ], "battery:incidentSeverity": "Minor", "sensorElementList": [ { "sensorReport": [ { "type": "battery:stateOfHealth", "value": 93.8, "uom": "P1" } ] } ], "masterDataAvailableFor": [ { "id": "https://id.gs1.org/01/09521234000013/21/BAT2024-001", "battery:incidentId": "INC-2025-00023", "battery:recommendedAction": "Continue monitoring. Schedule follow-up in 30 days." } ], "bizTransactionList": [ { "type": "urn:epcglobal:cbv:btt:cert", "bizTransaction": "https://example.com/incidents/INC-2025-00023.pdf" } ] } ```## Validation - **JSON-LD shape** — normalises against the EPCIS and battery contexts. - **EPCIS events** — unique event `**@id**` (UUID), correct `**bizStep**` / `**disposition**` from CBV, `**masterDataAvailableFor**` on EPCs, UN/CEFACT Rec 20 unit codes. ## Next steps - [Event Types](https://openepcis.io/docs/digital-product-passport/battery-dpp/event-types) — every EPCIS event type used by the Battery DPP - [Complete Examples](https://openepcis.io/docs/digital-product-passport/battery-dpp/complete-examples) — end-to-end commissioning, shipment and recycling flows - [Battery vocabulary browser](https://ref.openepcis.io/extensions/eu/battery/) — the live ontology